Collectively, our data revealed that exosomes loaded with miR-203a-3p antagomirs could target the prostate and attenuate inflammation, and the DUSP5-ERK1/2-MCP-1 pathway played an important role in the treatment of prostatitis with the exosomes, suggesting that this pathway may be a novel target for CP/CPPS-A therapy. This evidence concerns the gene DUSP5 and prostatitis.