VEGFA and treatment resistant depression: With the development of progressive capillary nonperfusion and ischemia, ischemic tissues may produce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and other cytokines which can promote the development of neovascularization (NV) which if left untreated can progress to severe blindness from vitreous hemorrhage (VH) or traction retinal detachment (TRD) [6].