This may be caused by the fact that having a PV in moderate-risk breast cancer genes CHEK2 and ATM does not always have direct consequences for relatives, which is in contrast to carriers of a PV in a high-risk gene like BRCA2. Four patients with a PV in a moderate-risk cancer gene experienced uncertainty towards explaining the importance of the test result to relatives (IRI self-efficacy question ‘e’). This evidence concerns the gene ATM and cancer.