AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Criteria such as the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification (3), the Milan criteria (tumor size ≤5 or ≤3 cm and tumor numbers ≤3) (4), 5-5-500 Japan criteria (tumor size ≤5 cm, tumor numbers ≤5, and α-fetoprotein (AFP) ≤500 ng/mL) (5), and HALT-HCC score (calculated from tumor sizes, tumor numbers, AFP levels, and MELD-Na scores) (6) have been established, predicated on tumor markers, the number of tumor lesions, and their respective diameters.