EBV could play a role in MS pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis in two possible ways: (1) molecular mimicry as a consequence of cross-reactions between EBNA-1 antigens and human myelin antigens (Lanz et al., 2022); (2) CD8+ T lymphocyte-mediated immune response, as suggested by increased EBV-specific CD8+ T-lymphocytes and EBNA-1-specific serum antibodies titers in MS patients (Jilek et al., 2008; Angelini et al., 2013). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is multiple sclerosis.