Furthermore, IL-10RA/IL-10RB deficiency can result in infantile-onset IBD or very early-onset IBD (VEO-IBD) with severe phenotypes due to disruption of IL-10-mediated anti-inflammatory effects, leading to activation of pathogenic macrophages and intestinal inflammation (60, 62, 70, 79). This evidence concerns the gene IL10RB and inflammatory bowel disease.