TNF and neurodegenerative disease: Several included studies have demonstrated that administering whichever of 5-aminosalicylic acid, thiopurines, glucocorticoids, biologic agents, and anti-TNF therapy has a protective effect against the development of neurodegenerative diseases in patients with IBD, ranging from AD, PD, and dementia (15, 19, 23, 26, 30, 36–38).