The simultaneous upregulation of tumour sEV PD-L1, MHC-I and ICAM-1 by both IFN-γ and aT-sEVs indicates intensive immunosuppression since it has been proven that coexpressed MHC-I and ICAM-1 would cooperate with sEV PD-L1 to strongly suppress CD8+ T cells19,38. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.