Among the actions generated putatively through MDA5 are a further increase in Type 1 IFN, depression of MDSC, expansion of CD8 T cell populations through IL-15, CD8 targeting and infiltration of tumor through CXCL10, and a direct Type 1 IFN-dependent effect on tumor endothelium through VCAM-139. Here, CXCL10 is linked to neoplasm.