The expression levels of MRPS17, P4HA1, SLC25A32, TUSC3, and TYMS in the ESCC cell lines were higher than those in the normal cell line (Fig. 6D, 6F, 6G, 6I, and 6J; p < 0.05). Here, P4HA1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.