Using single-cell cytokine profiling for immunoassay, G. Qin et al. found that MDSCs were significantly expressed in both clinical samples and mouse models of tumors, Additionally, they observed that specific factors like GM-CSF, G-CSF, IL-6, VEGF, etc., amplified the quantity of MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment and impeded their subsequent differentiation, and these factors further activated the JAK/STAT signaling pathway to stimulate myeloid cell production and promote MDSC expansion (Qin et al. 2023). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is neoplasm.