ALB and rectal cancer: Table 1 represents the characteristics between patients with a primary stoma and those without, the former was significantly more likely male, had a higher incidence of T3 stage cancers, lower rectal cancer with less than 5 cm from the anal verge, hypoalbuminemia with serum albumin levels below 3.5 g/dL, and tend to receive Neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) (31.5 vs. 3.4%, p < 0.001).