To explore whether the discrepancy between extensive Aβ but minimal tau pathology is associated with the presence of APOE ɛ4 allele, we further examined Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic change in 124 consecutive various non-MSA-type neurodegenerative diseases and 19 MSA cases for which APOE genotypes were available. This evidence concerns the gene APOE and neurodegenerative disease.