Additionally, Juglone has been found to inhibit various signaling pathways, such as Pin1/TGF-β, TGF-β1/Smads, MEK1/2-ERK1/2, and α-SMA overproduction, in cardiac fibrosis induced by various heart diseases (Liu et al., 2016; Liu et al., 2017; Wu et al., 2018; Cheng et al., 2022). Here, TGFB1 is linked to heart disorder.