GDF15 and lung carcinoma: Among them, AZD7762, in combination with checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) inhibitors, has shown potential for treating triple-negative breast cancer40; BMS-754807 can be combined with dasatinib to suppress the growth of lung cancer cells and produce synergistic cytotoxicity41; luminespib may be a potential drug for EGFR in 20 advanced NSCLC patients’ treatment42; staurosporine was found that its drug sensitivity is negatively correlated with the expression of EGFR43; camptothecin is a promising anti-obesity agent by activating the GDF15-GFRAL pathway44.