IL6 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: As depicted in Fig. 5A–D, the prolonged exposure to a high-fat diet induced an inflammatory response in WT-T2DM mice, characterized by a significant elevation in serum levels of factors related to Th17 cells, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23 (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.01, respectively).