TGFB1 and Alzheimer disease: Our pathway enrichment analysis of the genes shared between AD and frailty revealed several pathways, including ‘Activin binding,’ ‘amyloid fibril formation,’ and ‘lipoprotein and dendrite tree neurons.’ Activins are members of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) family and play a pivotal role in signal transduction across the central nervous system (CNS).