ATF5 and hepatocellular carcinoma: ATF5 can also be degraded through proteasome pathways specifically in hepatocellular carcinoma cells; several miRNAs, such as miR-141–3p, miR-520b-3p, and miR-134–5p, have been identified to bind to the 3’ UTR site of ATF5 mRNA and suppress ATF5 expression [38].