OCLN and colitis: They comprise proteins such as occludin and claudins and are intricately linked to the cytoskeleton through cytoplasmic plaque proteins, namely zonula occludens protein-1 and −2 (ZO-1 and ZO-2).28,29 Specific claudins, such as Claudin-3, play a pivotal role in forming the paracellular barrier; there is evidence that increasing the Claudin-3 levels contributes to colitis restoration.30 To deepen our understanding of TJ dynamics in the context of intestinal barrier function in response to I3A treatment, we investigated the expression of TJ proteins through immunofluorescence (IF) analysis.