FZD4 and exudative vitreoretinopathy: To date, the following pathogenic variants in 14 different genes have been confirmed or suggested to cause FEVR: FZD4, NDP, LRP5, TSPAN12, ZNF408, KIF11, CTNNB1, JAG1, RCBTB1, ATOH7, DOCK6, ARHGAP31, CTNNA1, and SNX31 (Chen et al., 1993; Collin et al., 2013; Kondo et al., 2016; Poulter et al., 2010; Robitaille et al., 2002, 2014; Sun et al., 2019; Tao et al., 2021; Toomes et al., 2004; Wu et al., 2016; Xu et al., 2023; Zhang et al., 2020; Zhu et al., 2021).