Specific TIL subsets that have been shown to be associated with cancer prognosis vary across the studies and include CD3+, CD4+, CD5+, CD8+, CD45RA+, FOXP3+ and PD1+ TILs; however, CD3+, CD8+ and FOXP3+ TILs were commonly shown to associate with prognosis in many cancer types (23,35–38). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is cancer.