Treatment of SCID mice with orthotopic U87MG CXCR4-positive human GBM tumours with 2.7 MBq of [188Re]Re-12G5-LNCs increased median survival to 74 d versus 38 d for untreated mice or 34 d for mice treated with unlabeled and non-targeted LNCs. Here, CXCR4 is linked to glioblastoma.