Dimos et al. obtained the first human iPSCs from middle-aged and elderly ALS patients (Dimos et al., 2008), and Egawa et al. demonstrated that motor neurons generated from iPSCs from patients with TDP-43 mutations can form cytoplasmic aggregates typical of postdeath ALS neurons (Egawa et al., 2012). Here, TARDBP is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.