MYC and breast carcinoma: Luan et al., 2022 demonstrated that upregulation of the MUC1/c-MYC pathway leads to poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Lee et al., 2017 also reported that c-Myc can regulate the expression of BMI-1 (b-lymphoma Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion region-1) in breast cancer cells through transcription. Nakagawa et al., 2008 demonstrated that adult dermal fibroblasts can still undergo reprogramming without ectopic expression of c-Myc, indicating that c-Myc is not necessary for reprogramming.