SMURF2 and lip and oral cavity carcinoma: Additionally, by validating the expression of SMURF2 through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and the Human Protein Atlas database, and examining its relationship with immune cell infiltrations via single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA), our study not only underscores the prognostic value of SMURF2 but also illuminates its role in shaping the immune landscape of oral cancer.