Additionally, other cell types present in the tumor microenvironment, such as cancer‐associated fibroblasts and macrophages, can also increase PD‐L1 expression.[26, 27] Therefore, developing a more complex tumoral vasculature model to better mimic the tumor microenvironment could be beneficial for studying transmural flow and endothelial PD‐L1 expression in the future. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.