The gene CDKAL1 encodes a member of the methylthiotransferase family. While the exact function of CDKAL1 remains unclear, it has been associated with both risk variants that are linked to decreased insulin secretory capacity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [51]. This gene locus has also been linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D) Cho, Y. M., 2009; Ohara-Imaizumi, Mica, 2010. Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.