OSR1 and cancer: Likewise on chromosome 12, expression of Matn3, Osr1, and Nt5c1b have been associated with colon adenocarcinoma, gastric and breast cancer development (Zhao Z. et al., 2023a; Chi et al., 2023; Gadwal et al., 2023); potential use as a biomarker for breast cancer (Li et al., 2020) or promotion of EMT and metastasis in breast cancer (Wang et al., 2020; Li et al., 2021) and identified as a cancer testis-antigen in canine malignancies (Nemec et al., 2019) respectively.