LDLR and atherosclerosis: Unlike BA that execute dual functions, GG, a dipeptide (Gly-Gly), relieves NASH (steatohepatitis, inflammation, and fibrosis) and atherosclerosis in LDLR-/- hamsters to some extent without altering lipid profile in circulation, which is very similar to the recent findings reported in nonhuman primate NASH model treated with tripeptide DT-109 (Gly-Gly-Leu) through its anti-inflammatory property [41], suggesting the importance of testing glycine-based drugs in clinical trials as a potential treatment option for CHL-associated NAFLD and CVD.