CD47 and infection: Subsequently, we assessed the impact of CD47 knockdown on the response to super-infection by measuring paracellular FITC-dextran permeability and TEER at 3 dpi, which revealed a substantial attenuation of these effects in both HNECs (Supplementary Fig. 5c, d) and HBECs (Fig. 2c, d) following CD47 shRNA treatment.