Contemporary strategies encompass TCVs targeting the CAF-activating protein FAP, CAR-T cell therapies, oncolytic viruses targeting CAFs, inhibiting cancer cell mechanotransduction to reduce TGF-β secretion, and focusing on pathways such as CXCL12-CXCR4, JAK-STAT3, and Hedgehog. Here, CXCR4 is linked to cancer.