Acute inflammation in gout patients ensues from the accumulation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, which then interact with macrophages to trigger activation of the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and release of Interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), which is linked to gout flare (Chen et al., 2018). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is gout.