For instance, loss- or gain-of-function mutations in the gene SCN9A, which encodes the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7, cause congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP) or painful neuropathies, respectively (Cox et al., 2006; Fertleman et al., 2006; Yang et al., 2004; for review see Dib-Hajj et al., 2013). The gene discussed is SCN9A; the disease is hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy.