Those with SD-DM had a 51.6% higher fasting total GLP-1 thanthose with NGT; a similar picture was seen in those from cohort 2 with establisheddiabetes where fasting total GLP-1 increased with increased HbA1c.Univariately, in both cohorts, fasting total GLP-1 was increased with increasing adiposity(waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, but not BMI in cohort 2) and liver fat (seeSupplementary Table S3 (17)). This evidence concerns the gene GCG and diabetes mellitus.