An excess risk of breast cancer in young woman with NF1 was observed, which might have implications for early breast cancer screening. If surveillance of breast cancer in women with NF1 is considered, there may be a case for screening from 30 years of age. However, the benefits of a screening program need to be carefully weighed against the risk of exposing young women with NF1, which is a tumor‐suppressor syndrome, to radiation. This evidence concerns the gene NF1 and breast carcinoma.