PDCD1 and neoplasm: For instance, a triple therapy combining neoantigen vaccine that induces the accumulation of CD8+ T cells, anti-PD-1 that suppresses immune tolerance signals, and agonist antibody against OX40 that induces T cell memory, was invented to treat mice bearing pancreatic adenocarcinoma of low immunogenicity and poor T cell infiltration, where neoantigen vaccine significantly increased tumor responsiveness [112].