Furthermore, in PAAD, SPTBN2 significantly positively correlated with VEGFB, TGFB, CD276, and VEGF; while being significantly negatively correlated with IL1B, TLR4, CD40LG, and CCL5 (Fig. 6d, p < 0.05). Here, TGFB1 is linked to pancreatic adenocarcinoma.