Moreover, using as many Neftel state markers as possible (20–30 per GBM classifier), we noticed that BV-CM induced a progressive but partial PMT in PN-GBM cells (among others, with enrichment in VIM, A2M, and CDKN1A), while it induced a partial mesenchymal-to-proneural transition (MPT) in MES-GBM cells (for example, upregulation of OLIG1/2 and CHD7, but strong downregulation of SOX4) (Fig. 8B, Supplementary Data File 5), which is in line with the GSEA of CL3/NesHI sorted cells (Fig. 4F). This evidence concerns the gene OLIG1 and glioblastoma.