There is a correlation between postoperative cognitivedysfunction and Alzheimer's disease in clinical symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid markers, and the expression of some inflammatory factors, and in mechanisms, the deposition of A‐β and tau proteins, and cholinergic system disorders, synaptic plasticity plays an important role in addressing these commonalities, anti‐inflammatory, clearing A‐β and tau proteins, maintaining the balance of the intestinal flora, exosomes, and even microRNAs are potential therapeutic targets. Here, MAPT is linked to Alzheimer disease.