TRPM8 and glioblastoma: For example, one study found that MAPK signaling is involved in TRPM8-mediated apoptosis of GBM cells,162 and another study confirmed that inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway leads to growth arrest and stimulates apoptosis of GBM cells.163 Furthermore, TRPM8 interferes with cell cycle control via Cdc2, CaMKII, and cdc25C.144 More specifically, TRPM8-mediated Ca2+ entry increases CaMKII activity by activating the BK channels and then inhibits the Cdc2 subunit of the mitotic promoter by inhibiting Cdc25C phosphatase phosphorylation.