By isolating Epcam+ cancer cells, F4/80+ macrophages, and GFP+ MAFs through flow cytometry-based cell sorting from metastasis-bearing Pdgfrb-GFP mice, we confirmed that, in agreement with previous reports22, tumour-associated macrophages were the main source of progranulin (Grn) (Fig. 5J), whereas cancer cells were the main source of Lif transcripts (Fig. 5K). Here, PDGFRB is linked to neoplasm.