HCAR2 and inflammatory bowel disease: HCAR2 and HCAR3 were significantly upregulated in the inflamed intestinal regions of both CD (HCR2: FR = 2.79, padj = 5.45 × 1020; HCAR3: FR = 3.00, padj = 2.6 × 1035) and UC (HCAR2: FR = 3.73, padj = 5.31 × 1015; HCAR3: FR = 4.28, padj = 3.6 × 1025), independent of location, indicating that the mRNA expression of these receptors is highly influenced by inflammation in IBD.