The kidneys of the STZ-T1DM rats showed a significant reduction in their renal levels of MDA, AGEs, TNF-α, IL-6, caspase-3, and Bax, concomitant with an increase in the levels of SOD, HO-1, GSH, and Bcl2, compared to the T1DM-STZ rats (Table 3 and Table 4). Here, CASP3 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.