Various studies showed that the mucosal layer in active IBD is thinner and more discontinuous, the number of goblet cells is reduced, and the expression of some proteins, such as those involved in maintaining tight junctions, including adherens junction components (claudin 5 and 8, junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A), and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1)), are attenuated [77,78]. Here, F11R is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.