ADIPOQ and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In addition to their role in food intake regulation and nutrition absorption, a growing body of evidence supports that flavonoids increase adiponectin levels and AMPK activation and counteract NF-κB and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) signaling pathways, resulting in reduced oxidative damage and inflammation associated with obesity [45,46,47,48].