NLRP3 and colitis: In addition, mononuclear hematopoietic and intestinal epithelial cells serve as the first line for colon defense and mediate the innate immune response stimulated by microbes, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein-like receptors (NLRs), or inflammasome proteins such as the NLR family pyrin domain (NLRP1, NLRP3, and NLRC4) [4]; among these, the NLRP3 inflammasome was recognized as a crucial mechanism in the DSS colitis model, and the imperative control of inflammatory response involves the negative regulation of NLRP3 activity [5].