The results of this study have shown, for the first time, concordant patterns of CSF chemokines in WNND and TBE that are characterized by the high-level expression of chemokines involved in monocyte/macrophage responses (CCL2), regulators of neutrophil recruitment (CXCL1 and CXCL8), and interferon-inducible chemoattractants for leukocytes (CXCL10 and CXCL11). This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and tick-borne encephalitis.