TMPRSS2 and cancer: Activation of AR requires binding to specific ligands, receptor dimerization, phosphorylation, and translocation into the nucleus, where it interacts with its coregulatory proteins to recognize response elements located in the proximal or distal intragenic and intergenic regions of androgen target genes, such as KLK3, NKX3.1, FKBP5, and TMPRSS2-ERG, which promotes prostate development and cancer progression [84,85].