Delving into specific details, hub genes such as NFKB1, IL18, TLR9, FKBP2, KITLG, and HDAC4 have been identified in patients with POAG and in databases of gut microbiota regulation, influencing the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is open-angle glaucoma.