TNF and COVID-19: In addition, in another clinical study involving 20 hospitalized Iranian patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 severity who received an MT supplement of 9 mg/day for 14 days, there was a significant reduction in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ levels via the NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and increased levels of SOD and MT contributed to a decrease in the OS status in comparison with the control group [43].