VEGFA and cancer: MSCs influence their environment through secreted factors including VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), FGF-2, PDGF, HGH, BDNF, SDF-1alpha, IGF-1, IGF-2, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, IGFBP-2, LIF, M-CSF, MIP-2, IL-8, IL-6, and IFN-gamma cytokines, which can increase cancer cell proliferation and survival even in the context of chemotherapy treatment [5].